Chemical industry is one of the important sectors of economy which plays a vital role in the industrialization and urbanization, meeting basic needs of mankind through supplying fertilizers, gases, caustics and chlorine, soaps and detergents, synthetic fiber, synthetic rubber, polymers, sugars and alcohols, paper dyes and intermediates, explosives, agrochemicals, dyes and intermediates, paints, etc. To remain competitive, the chemical industry has to look at various cost-cutting and conservation measures including those for raw materials, energy and other utilities. The various topics concerning specific energy consumption, corrosion, environment and safety have also been widely covered in the book.This makes an ideal textbook for undergraduate and postgraduate students of chemical engineering as well postgraduate courses in chemistry.